Consumption of Eggs Alone or Enriched with Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) Does Not Increase Cardiovascular Risk in Healthy Adults-A Randomized Clinical Trial, the Eggant Study.

Most atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by modifying lifestyles, including unhealthy diets. Eggs contain important carotenoids that may impact cardiovascular risk. The lipid nature of eggs can improve the bioavailability of other carotenoids, such as Annatto (Bixa orellana L.), with reported antioxidant properties. Although numerous studies have shown that there is no association between egg consumption and cardiovascular risk, there is still controversy. In addition, there is limited information about Annatto's effects on human health. This study evaluated the association between egg consumption and its enrichment with Annatto in lipid biomarkers of cardiovascular disease. In a parallel clinical trial, one hundred and five (n = 105) men and women were randomized by age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), and distributed into three groups. Subjects consumed daily, for 8 weeks, either two eggs, two eggs with Annatto, or two egg whites. Plasma lipids were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods, plasma apolipoproteins and lipoprotein subfractions and size by nuclear magnetic resonance. There were no differences between groups in age, sex, and BMI. No significant changes were found over time or between groups in plasma triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) A1, apo B, or lipoprotein subfraction concentrations. In healthy adults, the intake of two eggs a day, or two eggs with Annatto for eight weeks, did not generate adverse changes in cardiovascular risk markers.

Intervalos biológicos de referencia del perfil lipídico / Biological reference intervals of lipid profile

Introducción: La clasificación de la concentración de cualquier analito como patológico o no implica que el valor de la medición sea comparado con valores de individuos similares, para lo cual es necesario obtener intervalos biológicos de referencia (IBR). Los IBR del perfil lipídico adoptados por los laboratorios clínicos son principalmente los propuestos por las casas comerciales y los obtenidos por los paneles de expertos. Sumado a las limitadas publicaciones sobre los IBR del perfil lipídico para nuestra población, es oportuno precisar que variables como el sexo y la edad pueden estar relacionadas con modificaciones en el metabolismo lipídico. Objetivo: Estimar los intervalos biológicos de referencia del perfil lipídico en una población atendida en un laboratorio de Medellín. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo transversal en 81 individuos sanos; los IBR se estimaron a partir del estadístico X±[Zα/2*(DE/√n)], confianza de 95% y precisión de 5%. En el análisis bivariado se utilizó Anova y la prueba t Student. Todo fue realizado en SPSS 21.0®. En los IBR de hombres y mujeres sólo se hallaron diferencias en el colesterol total y los índices colesterol total/cholesterol HDL y triglicéridos/cholesterol HDL. Analizando los grupos etarios, se hallaron diferencias en los triglicéridos y el cholesterol VLDL siendo menor en los adultos jóvenes en comparación con los adultos medios y mayores; para el índice triglicéridos/cholesterol HDL se halló diferencia entre los adultos jóvenes y mayores. Conclusión: Este estudio permitió determinar los IBR del perfil lipídico, los cuales son importantes para el diseño de estrategias de prevención primaria para dislipidemias en la población estudiada. (Acta Med Colomb 2016; 41: 29-35).

Introduction: The classification of the concentration of any analyte as pathological or not, implies that the measurement be compared to values of similar individuals, for which is necessary to obtain Biological Reference Intervals (BRI). The BRI of lipid profile adopted by clinical laboratories are mainly the offered by commercial houses and those obtained by expert panels. In addition to the limited literature on BRI of lipid profile for our population, it is appropriate to specify that variables such as sex and age may be related to changes in lipid metabolism. Objective: to estimate the biological reference intervals of lipid profile in a population treated at a laboratory in Medellin. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in 81 healthy individuals; BRI were estimated statistical X ± [Zα / 2 * (DE / √ n)], 95% confidence and accuracy of 5%. Anova and t Student test was used in the bivariate analysis. Everything was done in SPSS 21.0®. In the BRI of men and women differences were only found in total cholesterol levels and total / HDL cholesterol and triglycerides / HDL cholesterol. Analyzing age groups, differences in triglycerides and VLDL-C were found, being these lower in young adults compared with the middle-aged adults and the elderly; for index triglycerides / VLDL cholesterol difference between young and older adults was found. Conclusion: this study allowed determining the BRI of lipid profile, which are important for designing strategies for primary prevention of dyslipidemia in the studied population. (Acta MedColomb 2016; 41: 29-35).